EPACHA.org
Environmental Protection Alliance and Center for Humanitarian Affairs Foundation
"REBUILDING OUR WORLD BLOCK-BY-BLOCK"
T h e P o r t a l s o f E P A C H A F o u n d a t i o n – P h a s e I I a r e O p e n :
Learning more about
throughout the U.S.A.
History has faithfully known, Native Indians –
Faithful Husbands & Wives, . . .
Young men of notable character and
distinction, . . .
Young women of beauty, strength
and gracefulness, . . .
Teenagers of much learning and
intricate fashion, . . .
Young Braves of a long and
rich heritage, . . .
Bouncing babies upon the knee, . . .
Beloved Native Grandfathers &
Grandmothers, and . . .
Native Indian Chiefs . . .
. . . all belonging to many ancient
Native Nations and Tribes
who have long inhabited –
and yet dwell upon –
the land
now called the
United States of America.
As America's Independence Day is
"Celebrated"
at Mount Rushmore on July 4, 2023
Let's all reflect on the long History of . . .
Our Nation's Indigenous Citizens
Photo Courtesy, Charles Rex Arbogast/AP - http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/historic-obama-trip-historic-changes-revive-indian-education#52680
Learn more on the following web pages:
Important Historical
Questions?
By Bosonic dressing - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7072024
Below Hyperlinks Courtesy, Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Did you ever wonder about
the prior name[s] of
Earth’s land masses – specifically,
the continent entirely within
and almost all within the
In other words, did you ever
wonder what “North America”
was called long before being
named the . . .
“North American Continent?”
Abya Yala.
Mother Earth, also called,
Pachamama.
“The indigenous woman in this picture is
representing the Pachamama.
AbyaYala, or America, is
being caressed by the Pachamama.”
“Here [Above] is a depicted version of the American continent.
Notice the native animals of Southamerica such as the Condor,
the Huemul, the Jaguar, the turtle. The staple food of the
entire American continent (north and south) is the
"choclo" (or corn in English) which is interwoven
with the Mother Earth's hair. You can also see a big anaconda
from the amazons coming out of her, many native trees and
freshwater fish. In the center of all, most importantly, is
the imposing Andes mountain, which directs the flow
of the rivers to both sides of the continent, east and
west, to the Atlantic and the
Pacific Oceans respectively. The source of life
of the entire continent is Mother Earth or Pachamama.”
I m p o r t a n t N o t e :
Can we really know for certain what the North American
Continent was called by the ancient Native Indians?
Read following quote by John L. Hare,
PhD American Studies, additional
training with National Park Service:
“Honestly, the question can’t be answered. There were
some pretty large “language groups” in which
people from different tribes and villages
could understand each other for the
most part.
They had names for locations in their
areas but that doesn't mean they could
conceptualize a continent, let alone name it.”
Never-the-less, Indigenous Peoples of the land naturally conceptualized
“Mother Earth”
as the source of life . . . and cherished Earth and its life-giving nourishment.
Many Thanks John L. Hare, PhD. I think that students
of all ages can agree that ancient Native Indians
had their own names and references
to what is now known as the
North American Continent.
See Also, Abya Yala: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abya_Yala
It’s time to learn “Native”
in America . . .
For thousands of years before
European contact, present-day
“United States of America”
was widely inhabited by
indigenous, “Native Indians.”
Start Learning More:
Courtesy,
Reminder . . .
An in-depth study of
the history of the
“United States of America”
is important. As equally important
is the history of those ancient,
indigenous “Native Indians”
who have long inhabited
what is now known
as the . . .
“North American Continent.”
– EPACHA Foundation –
Remembering the Past.
Looking to the Future.
Native Indian Ball Players
“Lacrosse may be the sport of the affluent today, but it
is rooted in Native American culture. The game
was played by Eastern Woodlands Native
Americans and Plains Indians. Teams
today have smaller numbers,
but original versions had
hundreds of players taking to the field.
Native Americans took part in rituals before
each game, including painted their bodies. Players
also had to place a wager before the games began, and the
winners would take the prizes. In some cases, woman
and children might be put up as part of a wager.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
Ojibwe Music Board
“The Ojibwe relied on passing down information
through oral tradition, but they also used birch scrolls
and pictographs to provide a record of information
for ceremonies. Pictured here is a pictorial
notation of one Ojibwe music board.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
Native Indian Home – Tipi
Kiowa Tipis – Primary Dwellings
“The Kiowa traditionally used tipis for their primary dwellings.
The tipis were crafted from the hides of bison and
featured vibrant patterns on the outside. The
innovative design allowed the Kiowa people
to stay cool in the hot plains summers and
warm through the harsh winters. A smoke
flap at the top of each tipi made it possible
to build a fire inside with proper ventilation.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
The Hunt for Bison – Buffalo Chase
Portrait of a Young Chief
William Penn at the signing
of a treaty with
local Native Americans
“This iconic painting depicts William Penn at the signing
of a treaty with local Native Americans. The pacifist
Quaker was known for his good relationship with
native tribes, and he worked to establish what
is now present-day Pennsylvania. He
proclaimed that he would not
exploit the Native Americans, though his views
were not accepted by other white settlers.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
“The Trail of Tears”
“The Trail of Tears” represents one of the darkest chapters
in U.S. history. The term refers to a series of actions that
forced Native Americans from their lands in the
Southeastern portion of the U.S.
People from the various tribes were forced to march
across the land to new homes spread out all over the
country, and they frequently died from diseases,
starvation and violence. The Native Americans
fought the forced relocation
through a series of legal battles and wars but
ultimately lost out to the U.S. government.
The main goal of the actions against the
tribes was to make more land available
to white settlers while removing the
presence of the Native Americans
from the area to appease the
delicate sensibilities of the settlers.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
A Change of Clothing . . . Yet an
inner Spiritual Reverence
for Ancient,
Native Culture and Traditions
“Some photographers set out to capture images
of Native Americans in the 1800s. These images capture
their gradual assimilation into American culture. The
goal of the U.S. government was to assimilate the
Native Americans, a process they referred to
as “civilizing.” They were expected to
attend church, speak English and
abandon their cultural
traditions, including their clothing."
Above Quote Courtesy,
Native Name, Hakadah and
later named,
Ohíye S’a; then renamed
Charles Eastman
“Charles Eastman was a Boston University-educated
physician of English, French and Dakota ancestry. He
worked on reservations providing medical services to
those living there, and he would later go on to
become an activist for Native American
rights. Eastman was portrayed in the
HBO film Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee, and he
even had a crater on Mercury named after him. The
physician is credited with being the first Native
American to write the history of America
from a Native American perspective.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
Susan La Flesche Picotte
“Dr. Susan La Flesche Picotte is believed to be the first
Native American physician. She was an Omaha Indian who
worked as an activist on behalf of the Omaha tribe.
She also tried to discourage drinking
and improve public
health conditions for the Omaha people.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
I n M i n d a n d S p i r i t ,
F o r e v e r . . .
N a t i v e I n d i a n C h i e f s !
F i v e O j i b w e C h i e f s
“The Ojibwe, sometimes known as the Chippewa, lived throughout
present-day Canada and the United States, mainly near the
Great Lakes. The five Ojibwe Chiefs
appear to be dressed for the cold northern winters
they endured living around the lakes.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
I n B o d y a n d S o u l ,
F o r e v e r . . .
Mothers of Native Indian
Nations and Tribes!
“Hattie Tom was a young Chiricahua Apache woman
photographed in Omaha around 1862. This image is
part of a series created by photographer Frank A.
Rinehart to capture images of the 36 tribes
represented at the U.S. Indian Congress
of the Trans-Mississippi and
International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska.”
Above Quote Courtesy,
“Native American Indians”
Fast Forwarding . . .
Into the Future with the
vibrancy and longevity
of a rich,
cultural heritage for . . .
Many Generations to come!
Above Images Courtesy,
Learn more about
throughout the U.S.A.
on the following web pages:
Courtesy, www.DigitalBlue.com, Russ Cove
C o u r t e s y ,
C o u r t e s y ,
C o u r t e s y ,
NATIONAL MUSEUM of the AMERICAN INDIAN New York
C o u r t e s y ,
Reminder: Don’t forget to learn more at the . . .
N A T I V E A M E R I C A N S
Learn more at Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia
See Also:
The Following is a Courtesy of CNN
Story by Dana Joseph, for CNN
Best places to experience Native American culture
Courtesy, Robert Alexander/Archive Photos/GETTY IMAGES
Learn more on the following web page:
EPACHA Foundation Extends
Sincere Thanks to
All Herein Who Helped Make Its
web page possible!
If you’ve missed the work of EPACHA in its Phase I duration, please be encouraged to click on the below web links.
Sincerest Thanks are Extended to http://archive.org/web/ for having made possible an archived viewing of
EPACHA Foundation’s entire volume of its Phase I web pages:
https://web.archive.org/web/20180321225044/http://www.epacha.org/Pages/Home_Page_BkUp3.aspx
Complete List of EPACHA - Phase I web pages:
M A R C H 2 0 1 9 - U P D A T E D - M A Y 2 0 2 3